食管裂孔疝（HH）是临床上常见的消化系统疾病，发病率随年龄增加而增加，诊断方法多种多样，目前主要有胸部X线片、CT影像检查、内镜、高分辨率食管测压等，HH的诊断及分型通过以上检查可以更好的明确。根据患者的病情及临床分型选择不同的治疗方式，临床症状轻微的滑动型食管裂孔疝仍以保守治疗为主，其他分型首选外科治疗。目前腹腔镜治疗已替代传统开放性手术成为外科治疗的首选，疝修补及胃底折叠术作为标准术式，但具体术式的选择及补片的应用应结合病情及术者的经验遵循个体化治疗原则。对于术后并发症应尽早评估、积极预防、及时处理。

Hiatal hernia (HH) is a common digestive system disease, which clinical incidence increased with aging, HH diagnostic method is varied, including radiographic imaging, endoscopic examination and esophageal manometry. The diagnosis and classification of HH can be clearly and definitely through the above test, according to the patient's condition and clinical classification we can choose different treatments. The mild sliding hiatal hernia which could be treated by medications, surgery was still the first choice for other kinds of hiatal hernia. At present, the laparoscopic surgery has become the first surgical treatment instead of traditional open surgery, hiatal hernia repair and gastric folding has become the standard operation for surgical treatment, but the choice of concrete operation and the application of the patch should be combined with the illness condition and the experience of surgeons follow the principle of individualized treatment. Postoperative complications should be evaluated as soon as possible, prevented actively and processed timely.