To investigate the risk factors of hiatal hernia complicated with asthma.

41 cases of hiatal hernia complicated with asthma admitted from February 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed as the study group, and 293 cases of hiatal hernia were selected as the control group. Clinical indicators such as gender, age, body mass index, smoking history, drinking history, allergy history, lung function, comorbidities and blood-related indicators were compared between the two groups for analysis. Meanwhile, measurement data were represented by mean ± standard deviation (±s), and count data were represented by use cases (n). Rank sum test was used in univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis was used in multivariate analysis to analyze risk factors.

There were significant differences between the study group and the control group in gender, allergy history, combined GERD, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FCV% (<70%), MMEF, blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide, blood partial pressure of oxygen, blood oxygen saturation, and combined chronic bronchitis (P<0.05). Multi-factor analysis: The patient had GERD (OR=7.446,95%CI: 2.143-25.876), gender (OR=1.008,95%CI:1.001~1.019), blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (OR=1.205, 95%CI:1.065~1.364) were independent risk factors for HH combined with asthma (P<0.05). Blood oxygen saturation (OR=0.837, 95%CI: 0.747-0.937) was an independent protective factor for HH combined with asthma (P<0.05).

Gender, GERD and blood carbon dioxide partial pressure are risk factors for patients with hiatal hernia complicated with asthma. Therefore, early intervention of risk factors should be carried out in clinical practice to stabilize disease control, avoid disease aggravation and improve the quality of life of patients.