食管裂孔疝是常见的消化系统良性疾病，发生率为4.5%～15.0%，外科手术是治疗食管裂孔疝的主要方法。因食管裂孔周围特殊的解剖结构，该手术操作难度较大，对术者解剖知识基本功要求高。三维可视化技术具有高价值的空间感，一定程度上弥补传统CT/MRI影像资料的不足，可更直观、立体、全方位地将膈肌、食管裂孔缺损、疝内容物从视觉上分离出来，为术前制定手术方案提供决策依据。我中心通过术前行胸腹部CT薄层平扫获取影像学信息，进行三维重建及数据分析，最终呈现数字模型3D效果，对外科医师进行解剖理论知识培训。本文旨在综述三维可视化技术在食管裂孔疝外科教学中的应用。

Hiatal hernia is a common benign disease of digestive system, with an incidence of 4.5%-15.0% in the population. Surgery is the main treatment method for hiatal hernia. Due to the special anatomical structure around the esophageal hiatus, the operation is difficult and requires high anatomical knowledge. Three-dimensional visualization technology, with its high value of spatial sense, makes up for the deficiency of traditional CT/MRI image data to a certain extent, and can visually separate the contents of diaphragm, esophageal hiatus defect and hernia in a more intuitive, stereoscopic and all-round way, providing decision-making basis for making surgical plans before surgery. Our center obtained imaging information through preoperative thin slice CT scan of the chest and abdomen, conducted 3D reconstruction and data analysis, and finally presented 3D effects of digital models, so as to train surgeons on anatomical theoretical knowledge. This paper aims to explain the application of 3D visualization technology in the surgical teaching of hiatal hernia from the following aspects.