To investigate the epidemiological survey and physiological characteristics of common chronic diseases among long-term residents at different altitudes in Turpan Pendi.

According to different altitudes, the long-term residents in Turpan were divided into four groups: 0 m area (set as 0 m group), 50 m area below sea level (set as -50 m group), 100 m area below sea level (set as -100 m group) and 150 m area below sea level (set as -150 m group). Blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂) was measured by portable oxygen saturation analyzer; fingertip blood glucose (FPG) was measured by Wright blood glucose meter; Triglyceride(TG), Total cholesterol(TC), High density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C); Low density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), Uric acid(UA), Blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and Creatinine(Cr) were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer, to find out the SaO₂ in Uygur and Han people at different altitudes and different oxygen partial pressure environments, and to compare the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Uygur and Han at the same altitudes and oxygen partial pressure environments.

In the same altitude and oxygen partial pressure environment, there was no significant difference in the blood oxygen saturation between Uygur and Han (P＞0.05); the UA levels of Uygur and Han were significantly different under the altitude of 0 m and 50 m below sea level and oxygen partial pressure environment (P＜0.05); the TG and TC levels and GERD symptom score of Uygur and Han were significantly different under the altitude of 150 m below sea level and oxygen partial pressure environment (P＜0.05). With the increase of altitude, the levels of TG and TC in Uygur and Han population increased.

Environmental factors have certain influence on blood oxygen saturation,blood lipid and GERD under different altitude and different oxygen partial pressure. It is necessary to strengthen health education and reasonable diet guidance among the population in this area, and actively prevent the occurrence and development of regional related cardiovascular and GERD.